ACTIVIST PLAYBOOK

Arizona Action Guide

Fighting Encryption in the Grand Canyon State

Arizona's mix of major metros, border communities, and rural expanses creates unique encryption challenges. Phoenix's partial encryption model provides a template. Tucson remains accessible. This guide shows you how to protect scanner access across Arizona.

Arizona Encryption Landscape

Where Arizona stands and why action matters now

Open Access

Tucson, Flagstaff, Yuma

Arizona's second-largest city keeps dispatch accessible. Flagstaff and Yuma provide transparency models for their regions. Rural counties largely remain open.

Partial Encryption

Phoenix PD, Mesa, Scottsdale

Phoenix uses tactical encryption while keeping main dispatch accessible. This hybrid approach balances security with transparency. Fight to preserve this model.

Fully Encrypted

DPS, Some Border Agencies

Arizona DPS encrypted statewide in 2020. Some border-area agencies cite federal coordination for encryption. Watch for suburban agencies following suit.

The Arizona Opportunity

Phoenix's partial encryption model proves that the state's largest city can maintain transparency while addressing tactical concerns. Tucson's continued openness shows encryption isn't inevitable. Act now before more agencies follow DPS's lead.

Arizona Public Records Law

Your legal tools for fighting encryption

Arizona Public Records Law

A.R.S. 39-121 et seq.

Arizona's public records law provides broad access to government documents. Use it to request encryption costs, decision memos, and incident documentation.

  • Response deadline: "Promptly" (courts interpret as reasonable time)
  • Appeal to: Superior Court (judicial review)
  • Fees: Must be reasonable; can request fee waiver
  • Electronic records: Available in electronic format if maintained that way
Get Arizona public records templates

Arizona Open Meeting Law

A.R.S. 38-431 et seq.

Requires public notice and open deliberation for government decisions. If encryption was decided without proper public process, challenge it.

  • 24-hour notice required for meetings
  • Agenda must specify topics to be discussed
  • Public comment periods are standard practice
  • Executive session requires specific legal basis

Key tactic: Encryption decisions often affect public safety budgets. If your city discussed encryption in executive session without proper legal basis, the decision may be voidable.

Sample Arizona Public Records Request

To: [City/County] Records Custodian

Subject: Public Records Request - Police Radio Encryption (A.R.S. 39-121)

Pursuant to Arizona Revised Statutes 39-121 through 39-121.03, I request copies of the following records:

  1. All documented incidents from January 1, 2019 to present where police scanner access resulted in officer injury, suspect escape, or operational compromise in [Jurisdiction].
  2. All budget documents, vendor quotes, contracts, and cost estimates related to police radio encryption systems, including Motorola or other vendor communications.
  3. All internal communications (emails, memos, meeting minutes) regarding police radio encryption decisions or proposals.
  4. Any interoperability assessments regarding encryption's impact on coordination with fire, EMS, or neighboring jurisdictions.

I request electronic delivery to [email] where possible. If fees are anticipated, please provide an estimate before proceeding.

Key Arizona Contacts

Who to call, write, and visit

Arizona State Legislature

State legislation could require transparency policies statewide. Arizona's legislature meets January through approximately April.

Find Your State Rep

Arizona House of Representatives

Website: azleg.gov

Phone: (602) 926-4221

Use the "Find My Legislators" tool with your address to identify your specific representative.

Find Your State Senator

Arizona Senate

Website: azleg.gov

Phone: (602) 926-3559

Schedule meetings during session. Legislators are more accessible than you think.

Key Committees to Contact

  • House Judiciary Committee - Jurisdiction over law enforcement policy
  • Senate Government Committee - Public records and transparency issues
  • Appropriations Committees - Control funding that could incentivize transparency

Phoenix City Council

Phoenix's partial encryption model is a template worth preserving. The council has eight district members plus the mayor.

KEY TARGET

Phoenix City Council

Eight district representatives plus Mayor Kate Gallego

Website: phoenix.gov/council

Phone: (602) 262-7111

Council meetings are Wednesdays. Sign up to speak during public comment on police budget items.

Phoenix Police Department

Community Relations Bureau

Website: phoenix.gov/police

Request meetings with community liaison officers to discuss transparency concerns.

Maricopa County

The nation's fourth-largest county by population. County supervisors control sheriff's office budget.

Board of Supervisors

Five elected supervisors representing districts

Website: maricopa.gov/bos

Phone: (602) 506-3415

Board meetings are Mondays at 9:30 AM. Budget hearings in June are critical.

Maricopa County Sheriff's Office

MCSO serves unincorporated areas and contracts with some cities

Website: mcso.org

MCSO's encryption decisions affect multiple communities. Organize across jurisdictions.

The Phoenix Partial Model

How Arizona's largest city balances security and transparency

1.6M Population served
P25 Digital system
PARTIAL Encryption status

What Phoenix Does Right

Phoenix Police Department uses a hybrid approach: tactical channels are encrypted for sensitive operations like undercover work and SWAT deployments, while main dispatch channels remain accessible to the public.

Key Elements

  • Dispatch remains open: Citizens and media can monitor routine calls for service, traffic stops, and general patrol activity.
  • Tactical encryption only: SWAT, undercover operations, and sensitive investigations use encrypted channels.
  • Fire/EMS coordination: Interoperability with fire and EMS is maintained on accessible channels.
  • Media relationships: Phoenix TV stations maintain working relationships with PPD public affairs.

Use Phoenix as Your Template

When other Arizona agencies propose full encryption, point to Phoenix. If the state's largest city with serious crime challenges can maintain partial access, why can't your community? This argument has stopped full encryption in multiple jurisdictions.

Proposing the Phoenix Model

If your city is considering encryption, propose the Phoenix alternative before they commit to full encryption.

Key Arguments

  • Phoenix handles more calls than any other Arizona agency and doesn't need full encryption
  • Partial encryption addresses legitimate tactical concerns without eliminating transparency
  • Lower cost than full encryption (fewer encrypted radios needed)
  • Maintains interoperability with fire, EMS, and neighboring agencies

Advocacy angle: Request that your city formally study Phoenix's approach before any encryption decision. Demand a written analysis of why full encryption is necessary when Phoenix's model works.

Border Region Considerations

Unique challenges along Arizona's southern border

Federal Coordination Claims

Border-area agencies often cite federal coordination with CBP and Border Patrol as justification for encryption. However:

  • Federal agencies have their own encrypted channels for sensitive operations
  • Local dispatch for non-immigration matters doesn't require encryption
  • Many border communities maintain transparency while coordinating with federal partners

Community Safety Arguments

Border communities face unique safety situations where scanner access matters:

  • Humanitarian emergencies in desert areas require rapid response coordination
  • Wildfires and weather emergencies affect cross-border communities
  • Traffic safety on border highways benefits from public awareness

Key Border Counties

Focus advocacy in these border-adjacent jurisdictions:

  • Pima County (Tucson): Currently accessible - defend this
  • Santa Cruz County (Nogales): Monitor for encryption proposals
  • Cochise County (Sierra Vista): Military presence creates unique dynamics
  • Yuma County: Agricultural community with different needs than urban areas

The Transparency Argument Still Applies

Border security operations are legitimately sensitive. But routine patrol, traffic enforcement, and emergency response in border communities deserve the same transparency as anywhere else. Propose tactical-only encryption that protects sensitive operations while keeping routine communications accessible.

Local Actions

What you can do in your Arizona community

City Council

City Council Engagement

Before an Encryption Proposal

  • Attend budget hearings and ask about communications systems
  • Request meetings with council members to discuss transparency values
  • Submit written comments supporting the Phoenix partial model
  • Propose a resolution affirming commitment to public scanner access

If Encryption Is Proposed

  • File public records requests for all encryption-related documents
  • Demand a public hearing before any vote
  • Organize testimony from journalists, fire personnel, and community members
  • Propose the Phoenix hybrid alternative

Arizona City Council Tips

Most Arizona cities allow 3-minute public comments. Arrive early - some cities limit total speakers. Bring written copies of your testimony for the record.

County

County Board of Supervisors

Why Counties Matter

Arizona county sheriffs often make operational decisions, but supervisors control the budget. Encryption requires expensive equipment upgrades that need board approval.

Key Actions

  • Attend board meetings (typically weekly or bi-weekly)
  • Review county budgets for radio system line items
  • Request meetings with your district supervisor
  • File public records requests with both sheriff AND county

The Budget Lever

If supervisors haven't explicitly approved encryption funding, question whether the sheriff has authority to proceed. Budget approval is your intervention point.

Records

Arizona Public Records Strategy

File These Requests First

  1. Scanner harm documentation: "All documented incidents where scanner access caused officer harm" - expect "no responsive records"
  2. Encryption costs: Budget documents, vendor quotes, Motorola contracts
  3. Decision process: Emails and memos about encryption planning
  4. Interoperability studies: Impact assessments for fire/EMS coordination

Arizona-Specific Tips

  • "Promptly" standard: Arizona law doesn't specify exact days, but courts expect reasonable response times
  • Fee estimates: Request cost estimates before work begins; challenge excessive fees
  • Electronic format: Request records in electronic format to reduce costs
  • Appeal process: If denied, you can petition Superior Court for review

Arizona Media & Allies

Build your coalition

Media Organizations

Arizona Newspapers Association

Represents newspapers across Arizona. They advocate for open government and press access.

Website: ananews.com

Request support for scanner access as a press freedom issue.

Arizona Broadcasters Association

Represents TV and radio stations statewide. Breaking news coverage depends on scanner access.

Website: azbroadcasters.org

Ask for member station coordination on encryption coverage.

Local TV News Directors

Contact news directors at Phoenix, Tucson, and Flagstaff stations directly.

Pitch: "City planning to block your ability to cover breaking news."

Civil Liberties & Advocacy

ACLU of Arizona

Advocates on police accountability and transparency issues.

Website: acluaz.org

Request support for encryption transparency requirements.

First Amendment Coalition of Arizona

Focuses specifically on open government and press freedom.

Seek guidance on legal challenges to encryption decisions made without public process.

Arizona Center for Law in the Public Interest

Public interest law firm that has worked on government transparency cases.

Consult on potential legal strategies for challenging closed-door encryption decisions.

Fire/EMS & Emergency Services

Arizona Fire Chiefs Association

Fire chiefs have interoperability concerns when police encrypt without coordination.

Contact local fire chiefs about encryption's impact on multi-agency response.

Arizona Fire District Association

Rural fire districts especially depend on regional coordination.

Frame as emergency coordination issue, not political.

Professional Fire Fighters of Arizona

Union can provide political support and credibility on safety arguments.

Request endorsement of transparency resolutions.

Take Action Now

Everything you need to protect scanner access in Arizona

Take Action for Transparency

Your voice matters. Here are concrete ways to advocate for open police communications in your community.

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Contact Your Representatives

Use our templates to email your local officials about police radio encryption policies.

Get Started
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Read Case Studies

See how encryption has affected real communities - from Highland Park to Chicago.

View Cases
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Spread Awareness

Share evidence about police radio encryption with your network and community.

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See the Evidence

Review the facts, myths, and research on police radio encryption.

View Evidence
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Public Testimony

Learn how to speak effectively at city council and public safety meetings.

Prepare to Speak
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Download Resources

Get FOIA templates, talking points, and materials for advocacy.

Access Toolkit