Success Stories

Communities That Protected Public Access

These victories prove that organized communities can stop encryption, reverse bad decisions, and implement transparency-preserving alternatives. What worked in these communities can work in yours.

Encryption Proposals Stopped

Communities That Prevented Implementation

San Francisco, California

Victory
2021-2022

The Situation

SFPD proposed full encryption of all police radio communications, citing officer safety and privacy concerns. The department planned to follow neighboring agencies that had already encrypted.

The Opposition

A broad coalition formed including the California News Publishers Association, ACLU of Northern California, local journalists, and community organizations. They organized testimony at Police Commission meetings and generated significant media coverage.

Key Tactics

  • Packed Police Commission meetings with opponents
  • Submitted detailed written comments challenging justifications
  • Generated extensive local media coverage
  • Presented hybrid system alternatives
  • Challenged claimed benefits with evidence

The Outcome

The Police Commission rejected full encryption and directed the department to implement a hybrid approach maintaining open dispatch channels. The city preserved public access while allowing encryption only for genuinely sensitive tactical operations.

Lessons Learned

  • Broad coalitions (journalists, civil liberties groups, community organizations) are more effective than single-issue advocates
  • Presenting concrete alternatives (hybrid systems) gives decision-makers a way to address police concerns without full encryption
  • Media coverage creates political pressure on commissioners
  • Challenging justifications with evidence puts police on the defensive
"The Commission recognized that transparency and public safety are not opposites. San Francisco can have both."
— Coalition spokesperson, 2022

Denver Metro Area, Colorado

Partial Victory
2020-2021

The Situation

Multiple Denver-area agencies considered encryption following a regional radio system upgrade. The proposal would have affected millions of residents across multiple jurisdictions.

The Opposition

Colorado broadcasters, led by the Colorado Broadcasters Association, organized opposition. Local TV and radio stations provided extensive coverage and editorial opposition.

The Outcome

While some tactical channels were encrypted, dispatch communications remained open in most jurisdictions. The coalition successfully argued for a hybrid approach that preserved the majority of public access.

Lessons Learned

  • Regional coordination among media outlets amplifies the message
  • Economic arguments (impact on local news) resonate with some officials
  • Accepting encryption for tactical channels while fighting for dispatch access is a realistic compromise

Portland, Oregon

Victory
2019

The Situation

Portland Police Bureau proposed encrypting radio communications as part of a radio system upgrade. The proposal came with minimal public notice.

The Opposition

Oregon Association of Broadcasters and local journalists organized rapid response. Community activists concerned about police accountability joined the coalition.

The Outcome

After significant public pushback, the city maintained open dispatch channels. Encryption was limited to specific tactical operations with clear justification requirements.

Multiple Small Towns Nationwide

Ongoing Victories
Various

The Pattern

Many smaller departments have considered encryption but backed down after community opposition. These victories often go unreported because the proposal is quietly dropped before becoming a major controversy.

Common Factors

  • Local residents showing up at council meetings
  • Local newspaper coverage and editorials
  • Questions about cost versus benefit
  • Reminder that "we've never had problems with open scanners"

Key Lesson

Most encryption proposals fail quietly. When communities push back early, many departments drop the idea without a public fight. Your opposition matters even if you don't see a dramatic victory.

Encryption Decisions Reversed

Communities That Rolled Back Encryption

Spokane County, Washington

Reversed
2018

The Situation

Spokane County Sheriff's Office implemented encryption on some channels. Media organizations immediately lost ability to cover breaking news effectively.

The Response

Washington State broadcasters organized opposition. Local media documented how encryption harmed their ability to provide timely public safety information. Community members complained about losing emergency awareness.

The Outcome

After sustained pressure, the Sheriff's Office restored open access to dispatch communications. Officials acknowledged that the claimed benefits hadn't materialized and the community harm was real.

Lessons Learned

  • Reversal is possible—encryption isn't permanent
  • Documenting real-world harm creates pressure for change
  • When predicted problems don't occur and actual problems do, officials may reconsider

Frederick County, Maryland

Partially Reversed
2020

The Situation

Frederick County implemented encryption as part of a regional radio system. Local media immediately experienced significant coverage challenges.

The Response

The Frederick News-Post led advocacy for access, documenting how encryption affected their public safety coverage. They worked with county officials to find alternatives.

The Outcome

The county implemented a media access program providing credentialed journalists with scanner access. While not ideal (tiered access), it restored some capability for news coverage.

Lessons Learned

  • Even after encryption, advocacy can restore some access
  • Media access programs are imperfect but better than nothing
  • Ongoing relationships with officials enable negotiation

Various Jurisdictions

Delayed Feeds Improved
Ongoing

The Pattern

Some jurisdictions that implemented encryption with very long delays (60+ minutes) have reduced delays after advocacy demonstrated the delays were excessive.

The Progress

While still not real-time, reduced delays (e.g., from 60 to 30 minutes, or from 30 to 15) represent incremental victories. Each reduction preserves more value for extended incidents.

Key Lesson

Incremental improvements matter. Even if you can't achieve full reversal, reducing delays, expanding media access, or preserving specific channels are meaningful victories.

Hybrid Systems Successfully Implemented

Departments Balancing Security and Transparency

These jurisdictions demonstrate that hybrid approaches—maintaining open dispatch while encrypting only sensitive tactical operations—successfully balance legitimate security needs with public access. They prove the "all or nothing" framing is false.

Washington State Patrol

Hybrid Model
Ongoing

System Configuration

  • Open Channels: Routine dispatch, traffic enforcement, patrol communications
  • Encrypted Channels: Tactical operations, VIP protection, undercover

Results

The Washington State Patrol has operated successfully with this hybrid model for years. There have been no documented security incidents related to open dispatch. Public and media access is preserved for routine operations.

Why It Works

  • Clear policy on what goes on which channel
  • Training for officers on appropriate channel selection
  • Sensitive information handled on encrypted channels as needed
  • Routine transparency maintained as default

Numerous Sheriff's Offices

Hybrid Models
Ongoing

The Pattern

Many county sheriff's offices across the country maintain hybrid systems with open dispatch and encrypted tactical channels. These departments often serve both rural and suburban areas.

Common Configurations

  • Main dispatch: Open/unencrypted
  • Patrol operations: Open/unencrypted
  • Detective/investigations: Sometimes encrypted
  • SWAT/tactical: Encrypted
  • Narcotics/undercover: Encrypted

Key Lesson

Hybrid systems are the norm in many areas. Full encryption is a choice, not a necessity. Point to these departments as evidence that transparency and security coexist.

Fire and EMS Nationwide

Remain Open
Ongoing

The Contrast

While police departments increasingly encrypt, fire departments and EMS agencies have largely resisted encryption. They face similar privacy concerns (medical information, victim details) but continue operating with open communications.

Why Fire/EMS Stay Open

  • Interoperability needs during multi-agency responses
  • Public benefit of emergency awareness
  • Less institutional resistance to oversight
  • Privacy handled through training and policy, not technology

Key Lesson

If fire departments can protect privacy without encryption, so can police. The claimed necessity of encryption is undermined by fire/EMS operating successfully without it.

Legislative Victories

Laws and Policies Protecting Scanner Access

Florida Public Records Tradition

Strong Protections
Ongoing

The Framework

Florida has among the strongest public records laws in the nation, creating a legal and cultural expectation of government transparency. This framework has made police encryption more politically difficult.

Impact on Encryption

While encryption has increased in Florida, the strong transparency culture has: slowed adoption compared to other large states, required more justification from departments, and generated stronger opposition.

Lessons Learned

  • Strong state transparency laws create framework for opposing encryption
  • Legal protections create cultural expectations that influence policy
  • States with weak transparency laws see faster encryption adoption

Municipal Transparency Ordinances

Local Protections
Various

The Approach

Some municipalities have passed ordinances requiring public hearings before encryption changes, mandating hybrid systems, or establishing transparency requirements for police communications.

Types of Ordinances

  • Public hearing requirements before encryption implementation
  • Annual reporting on radio system configuration
  • Mandated consultation with news media before changes
  • Requirements that dispatch channels remain open

Key Lesson

Proactive legislation can prevent problems. It's easier to establish transparency requirements before encryption is proposed than to reverse it after implementation.

State Legislative Efforts

In Progress
Ongoing

Current Efforts

Several states have introduced or are developing legislation to protect scanner access, require hybrid systems, or mandate transparency requirements for police radio systems.

Common Elements

  • Requirement to maintain publicly accessible dispatch channels
  • Limits on delays for public access (e.g., 5-10 minute maximum)
  • Exceptions only for specified tactical operations
  • Reporting requirements and public hearings

Opportunity

State legislation is the most powerful tool. A statewide law protects all communities regardless of local politics. Contact your state legislators to advocate for transparency legislation.

What Made These Victories Possible

Common Elements of Successful Opposition

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Broad Coalitions

Successful efforts united diverse groups: journalists, civil liberties organizations, community activists, and ordinary residents. Broad coalitions are harder for officials to dismiss.

Early Engagement

Acting before encryption is implemented is far easier than reversing it. Successful communities engaged at the proposal stage, not after the fact.

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Media Coverage

Local news coverage of the issue created political pressure. Officials are more responsive when they know voters are watching.

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Evidence-Based Arguments

Challenging police claims with facts (zero documented scanner-related officer harm) put departments on the defensive.

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Alternatives Presented

Offering hybrid system alternatives gave decision-makers a way to address police concerns without full encryption.

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Public Testimony

Showing up at public meetings—city council, police commission, board of supervisors—demonstrates community concern that officials cannot ignore.

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Cost Arguments

Highlighting the high cost of encryption with no proven benefit resonated with fiscally-minded officials.

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Democratic Framing

Framing the issue as transparency vs. secrecy, accountability vs. unchecked power, resonated more than technical arguments about scanners.

Take Action for Transparency

Your voice matters. Here are concrete ways to advocate for open police communications in your community.

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Contact Your Representatives

Use our templates to email your local officials about police radio encryption policies.

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Read Case Studies

See how encryption has affected real communities - from Highland Park to Chicago.

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Spread Awareness

Share evidence about police radio encryption with your network and community.

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See the Evidence

Review the facts, myths, and research on police radio encryption.

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Public Testimony

Learn how to speak effectively at city council and public safety meetings.

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Download Resources

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